GENEOLOGI PENAFSIRAN AGAMA MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN
Tinjauan Epistemologi Hukum Islam terhadap Pluralitas Pemahaman Keagamaan Masyarakat Rejomulyo Metro Selatan, Lampung
Keywords:
Literalis, tradisionalis, epistemologi hukum Islam, Literalists, traditionalists, islamic law epistemologyAbstract
Abstrak
Artikel ini merupakan hasil kajian epistemologi hukum Islam pada tataran aplikatif di tingkat masyarakat desa Rejomulyo, Metro Selatan, Lampung yang menampilkan kreativitas intelektual dalam penafsiran agama. Studi ini diawali dari adanya kontinuitas dan perubahan isu pembaharuan dari tradisi besar (great tradition) arus pemikiran terhadap tataran tradisi kecil (little tradition) masyarakat pedesaan yang mengerucut pada perdebatan masalah hukum konkrit dan standar ganda yang menguat. Tujuan artikel ini mendeskripsikan geneologi penafsiran agama masyarakat pedesaan terhadap pluralitas pemahaman keagamaan masyarakat Rejomulyo Metro Selatan, Lampung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akar pluralitas pemahaman keagamaan di Rejomulyo terbentuk berdasarkan perspektif sejarah terdiri dari lima periode. Periode awal, nuansa keagamaan diwarnai ajaran sinkretik Hindu-Islam dan kebatinan Jawa (kejawen). Periode kedua, tahun 1940-an dengan pola keberagamaan lebih pada Islam kultural. Periode ketiga, tahun 1960-an diwarnai harmonisasi antara kelompok organisasi keagamaan Muhammadiyah dengan kelompok Tradisionalis. Periode keempat, yaitu sejak 1990-an merupakan awal muncul gejolak pemikiran antara Islam Tradisionalis dan Islam Literalis. Periode kelima, tahun 2000-an, dimana perbenturan antar tradisi pemahaman keagamaan di Rejomulyo semakin kompleks. Kemunculan kembali kelompok Islam Tradisionalis yang berupaya menghidupkan kembali pola keberagamaan kultural. Kemudian terbentuk kelompok ‘Tradisionalis baru’ yang berada diantara kelompok Tradisionalis-Literalis yang selama ini selalu terlibat kontestasi memperebutkan klaim kebenaran praktek keagamaan yang paling otentik.
This article is result of study about epistemologi of islamic law in villagers applicative level of Rejomulyo, south Metro Lampung which shows intellectual creativity in interpretating a belief. This current study starts from the excistence of continuity and transformations of reforming issue that was coming from the great tradition to thoughts that concerns with the little tradition rank. The purpose of this article is to describe the geneology of villagers’ interpretating a belief toward villagers’ plurality of region insight of Rejomulyo – South Metro, Lampung. The yield of this current paper shows that the roots of villagers’ plurality region insight at Rejomulyo shaped based on aspects of history which consist of five periods. Early period, the nuance of region has been colored by hindu-islam doctrines and java’s spritualism. Second period is in the 1940’s, the patterns of diversity is more rather than islamic cultural. 1960’s is the third period where it has been colored by harmonization between two islamic organizations, those are Muhammadiyah and the traditionalist. The fourth period has been begun 1990’s. That year was time when thought of differences appeared between The traditionalist and the Literalist. Mellinnium era is the fifth periode where conflicts between tradition of relegion thoughts was more complex in Rejomulyo. The Emergence of islamic traditionalist group who try to energize the patterns of cultural variations. The new group,then, is well-known “ New Tradition” which resided between traditionalist and Literalist group that always involved to flight over the claim of thruthfulness which is the authentic one in doing reverence.
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