PERAN SUFI BATAK DALAM PERSAUDARAAN LINTAS IMAN DI TANAH BATAK: STUDI KASUS TAREKAT NAQSYABANDIYAH-KHALIDIYAH SERAMBI BABUSSALAM (TNKSB)
Keywords:
Sufi Batak, Persaudaraan Lintas Iman, Tanah Batak, Batak Sufis, Interfaith Relationship, Batak RegionAbstract
Tulisan ini membahas peran sufi Batak dalam membangun persaudaraan lintas iman di Tanah Batak dengan referensi khusus Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah-Khalidiyah Serambi Babussalam (TNKSB). Penelitian ini menjelaskan fenomena hubungan antar iman di tengah masyarakat Batak yang diyakini terkait dengan peran sufi Batak. Pengkajian ini mempelajari bagaimana sufi Batak membangun persaudaraan lintas iman dan struktur sosial akibat interaksi keduanya. Penelitian menemukan bahwa hubungan ini dibangun karena sufi Batak sebagai pemimpin spiritual dan tradisional yang memiliki peran dalam interaksi agama, sosial dan budaya, sehingga Islam dan Kristen dianggap sebagai ‘saudara kandung’ dalam ikatan persaudaraan Batak.This paper discusses the Batak sufis role in building interfaith relationship in the Batak region (Tanah Batak) with a special reference to Tarekat Naqshabandiyya-Khalidiyya Serambi Babussalam (TNKSB). This research was conducted with regard to the phenomenon of interfaith relationship happened in the middle of the Batak which are believed to be related to the role of sufis Batak. It studied how the Batak sufis built interfaith relationship and the consequent structure of their social interaction. It was found that such relationship was easily built because the Batak sufis were regarded both as spiritual and traditional leaders who had roles in Batak religious, social and cultural interactions. Islam and Christian were considered as ‘sibling’ religions within the fold of Batak brotherhood.
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References
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Interviewee
Abdullah, Khadim TNKSB [Hatonduan, 28/04/2013 dan Medan, 10/10/2015].
Ahmad Sabban Rajagukguk, Mursyid TNKSB [Medan, 27/04/2013 dan 12/10/2015].
Algar, Hamid, “The Present State of Naqshabandi Studies”, Marc Gaborieau, e.al., ed., Naqshbandis: Cheminements et Situation Actuelle d’un Ordre Mystique Musulman, (Paris: Institut Français d’études Anatoliennes d’Istanbul, 1990).
Aritonang, Jan S., The Encounter of the Batak People with Rheinische Missions-Gesellschaft in the field of Education , 1861-1940): A Historical-Theological Inquiry, Dissertation, (Netherlands Universiteit, 2001).
Astuti, Dwi, “Strategi Dakwah dalam Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup”, dalam Jurnal Suhuf, vol. 18, no. 1, 2006.
Bang, Anne K., Islamic Sufi Networks in the Western Indian Ocean , c. 1880-1940): Ripples of Reform, (Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2014).
Berger, Peter L. dan Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge (USA: New York: 1966).
Bruinessen, Martin van, “After the Days of Abu Qubays: Indonesian Tranformations of the Naqshabandiyyah Khalidiyya”, dalam Journal of the History of Sufism, vol. 5, 2007.
Bruinessen, Martin van, “Mencari Ilmu dan Pahala di Tanah Suci: Orang Nusantaran Naik Haji”, dalam Martin van Bruinessen, Kitab Kuning, Pesantren dan Tarekat, (Bandung: Mizan, 1995).
Brunessen, Martin van, Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah di Indonesia , Bandung: Mizan, 1992.
Geertz, Clifford, “The Javanese Kijaji: The Changing Role of a Cultural Broker”, dalam Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 2, no. 2, 1960.
Erawadi, “Pusat-pusat Perkembangan Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah di Tapanuli Bagian Selatan”, Miqot, vol. 38, no. 1, 2014.
Hasibuan, Armyn, “Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Syekh Abdul Manan Siregar di Padangsidempuan: Studi tentang Ajaran, Sosialisasi dan Kaderisasi”, Tesis, Pascasarjana IAIN Sumatera Utara Medan, 2003.
Hidayat, Ziaulhaq, “Legitimasi Politik di Makam Tuan Guru: Perilaku Ziarah Politisi Lokal ke Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah-Khalidiyah Babussalam (TNKB)”, dalam Jurnal at-Tafkir, vol. vii, no. 1, 2014.
Hidayat, Ziaulhaq, “Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah-Khalidiyah Babussalam , TNKB): Situs, Silsilah dan Jaringan”, dalam Jurnal Turats, vol. 2, no. 1, 2014.
Ibrahim Gultom, Agama Malim di Tanah Batak (Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2010).
Iskandar, Syahrullah, “MTQ dan Negara: Sebuah Tinjauan Hegemonik”, dalam Ferry M. Siregar dan Muhammad Zain, Dialektika Teks Suci Agama: Strukturasi Makna Agama dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat , Yogyakarta: Sekolah Pascasarjana UGM, 2008).
Jones, A.H., “Sufism as a Category in Indonesian Literature and History”, dalam Journal of Southeast Asian History 2, Singapura, 1961.
King, Victor T., The People of Borneo, (Oxford: Blackwell, 1993).
Ma’arif, Syamsul, “Pola Hubungan Patron-Client Kiyai dan Santri di Pesantren”, dalam Ta’dib, vol. 15, no. 2, 2010.
Mauly Purba, “Adat ni Godang: Rules and Structure of the Gondang Performance in Pre-Christian Toba Batak Adat Practice”, dalam Asian Music, vol. 34, no. 1, 2002.
Pawenang, Supawi, “The Role of Kiyai Langgar in Transforming Religius Society Life”, dalam Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Syariah, Vol. iv, No. 02 Tahun 2013.
Purba, M.D., Lintasan Sejarah Kebudayaan Simalungun, (Simalungun: M.D. Purba, 1986).
Saragih, Hisarma dan Ulung Napitu, “Etnik Simalungun dalam Mengikapi Falsafah Hidup sebagai Warisan Budaya”, dalam Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala, No. 11 Tahun 2003.
Simanjuntak, Bungaran A., Struktur Sosial dan Sistem Politik Batak Toba hingga 1945: Suatu Pendekatan Antropologi Budaya dan Politik, (Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2006).
Simbolon, Indira Juditka, “Caring for Toba Land and the Environment” What about the People”, dalam Toon van Meijl dan Franz von Benda-Beckmann, ed., Property Rights Economic Development: Land and Natural Resources in Southeast Asia and Oceania, (London: Routledge, 1999).
Vergouwen, Jacob C., The Social Organization and Customary Law of The Toba Batak of Northern Sumatra, (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1964).
Zamhari, Arif, “The Majlis Dhikr of Indonesia: Exposition of Some Aspect of Ritual Practices”, dalam Journal of Indonesian Islam, vol. 3, no. 1, 2009.
Interviewee
Abdullah, Khadim TNKSB [Hatonduan, 28/04/2013 dan Medan, 10/10/2015].
Ahmad Sabban Rajagukguk, Mursyid TNKSB [Medan, 27/04/2013 dan 12/10/2015].
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2016-10-16
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