POLYGAMY IN INDONESIA AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW PHILOSOPHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v26i1.2406Keywords:
Polygamy, Women’s Rights, Children’s Rights, and Maqashid al-Shari’ahAbstract
This article discusses the regulation of polygamy in Law No. 1 of 1974 and its derivative rules, as well as the Compilation of Islamic Law with an analysis of Islamic legal philosophy/maqashid al-shari’ah. This research is based on the legitimacy of polygamy as stated in Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, article 3, paragraph 2. Polygamy also has rules that require the husband to obtain formal permission from the wife through a court process. Why do the Marriage Regulations regulate this? This research is based on a qualitative descriptive literature review. The method of analysis employed was content analysis, which involved creating an inventory of Indonesian family law norms and analyzing them using the maqashid al-shari’ah theory. This study finds that the regulation of polygamy in Indonesia is carried out to protect women's rights and children's rights. Furthermore, the rule aims to build a happy, peaceful, and prosperous family in the long run (sakinah, mawaddah, wa rahmah). This is in accordance with maqashid al-shari’ah, particularly in terms of soul preservation and descendent preservation.
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References
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Sumirat, Iin Ratna. “Perlindungan Hak Perempuan Dalam Perkembangan Hak Azasi Manusia Di Indonesia.” AL-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum, Sosial dan Keagamaan 14, no. 2 (2018): 26.
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al-Syatibi, Abu Ishaq. Al-Muwafaqat Fi Ushul al-Fiqh. Digital Library, al-Maktabah al-Syāmilah al-Iṣdār al-Tsānī, 2005.
Yasin, Yuli. “Polygamy in Islamic Jurisprudence and the Law of Indonesia” AL-Zahra : Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2009). Accessed June 8, 2021. http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/zahra/article/view/3474.
Yusdani. “Ijtihad Dan Nazariyyah I’tibar Al-Ma’al,” n.d. Accessed October 21, 2007. yusdani.com.
Zuhrah, Fatimah. “Problem of Polygamy in Indonesia (Analysis of Law No. 1 of 1974 and KHI).” Journal of Islam and Science 3, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 1–17.
Abdullah, M Amin. “Bangunan Baru Epistemologi Keilmuan Studi Hukum Islam dalam Merespon Globalisasi.” Asy-Syir’ah Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum 46 (2012): 316–368.
Absor, Muhammad, and Afdhol Rinaldi. “Punishment for Polygamy Doer in the Perspective of Islamic Law (Fiqh) in Indonesia.” Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law 474, no. 6195 (2017): 1–12.
Abu Ishâq Al-Syâthibî. Al-Muwâfaqât Fi Ushûl Al-Syariât. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyah, 2003.
Ahmad Al-Raisuni. Nazhariyyat Al-Maqashid Inda al-Syatibi. Rabath: Dar Al-Aman, 1991.
Al-Qaradhawi, Yusuf. Pedoman Bernegara Dalam Perspektif Islam. Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 1999.
al-Sheha. Women in Islam and Refutation of Some Missconceptions. Riyadh: Islam Land, Tt.
Amir Mu’allim. “Maqashid Al-Syari’at: Fungsi Dan Keduduknya Dalam Penetapan Hukum.” Jurnal al-Mawarid VI (1997).
Ash Shiddieqy, M. Hasbi. Falsafah Hukum Islam / TM. Hasbi Ash Shiddieqy;Diedit Kembali Oleh HZ Fyad Hasbi Ash Shiddieqy. Pustaka Rizki Putra, 2001.
Azni. Poligami Dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam Di Indonesia Dan Malaysia. Pekanbaru: Suska Press, 2015.
Bailey, Martha, and Amy J. Kaufman. Polygamy in the Monogamous World: Multicultural Challenges for Western Law and Policy. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger, 2010.
al-Būṭī, Ramādhan. Ḍhawābiṭ Al-Mas}laḥah Fī al-Syarī’ah al-Islāmiyah. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah, 1986.
Efendi, Satria. “Maqashid Al-Syari’at Dan Perubahan Sosial.” Dialog 33 Tahun XV (January 1991).
Fidiani, Faida. “Penalties for Unregistered Marriage and Polygamy in Indonesia, Pakistan and Tunisia.” Sakina: Journal of Family Studies 5, no. 1 (February 24, 2021). Accessed June 8, 2021. http://urj.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/jfs/article/view/563.
al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad. Al-Mustasfa Min ‘Ilmi al-Ushul. Digital Library, al-Maktabah al-Syāmilah al-Iṣdār al-Tsānī, 2005.
Hafiz, Kahfi Adlan, and Intan Lestari. “Diverity of Views on The Inequality of Men’s Power Relations Over Women in The Practice of Polygamy in Indonesia.” ASEAN/Asian Academic Society International Conference Proceeding Series 0, no. 0 (November 14, 2019): 502–509.
Hefni, Moh. “Rekonstruksi Maqashid Al-Syari’ah (Sebuah Gagasan Hasan Hanafi Tentang Revitaliasi Turas.” al-Ihkam 6 (2011).
Ibnul Qoyyim al-Jauziyah. I’lam al-Muwaqqi’in. al-Maktabah al-Syâmilah al-Ishdâr al-SHânî, 2005.
Jaman, Najmah. “Implications Of Polygamy Practices On Positive Law In Indonesia.” Prophetic Law Review 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 22–36.
Kushidayati, Lina. “Perempuan dan Isu Poligami di Indonesia.” YUDISIA : Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum dan Hukum Islam 9, no. 2 (December 9, 2018). Accessed February 25, 2021. https://journal.iainkudus.ac.id/index.php/Yudisia/article/view/4768.
Mahmasani, Subhi. Falsafatu Al-Tasyri Fi al-Islam. Mesir: Dar al Kasyafi Lil An-Nasyri, 1981.
Mir-Hosseini, Ziba, ed. Gender and Equality in Muslim Family Law: Justice and Ethics in the Islamic Legal Tradition. Library of Islamic law 5. London : New York, NY: I.B. Tauris ; Distributed in the U.S. and Canada by Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
———, ed. Gender and Equality in Muslim Family Law: Justice and Ethics in the Islamic Legal Tradition. Library of Islamic law 5. London : New York, NY: I.B. Tauris ; Distributed in the U.S. and Canada by Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
MU’ALLIM, Amir dan Yusdani. Konfigurasi Pemikiran : Hukum Islam Amir Mu’allim;Yusdani. UII Press Indonesia, n.d.
Muhlas, Muhlas, Gunarto Gunarto, and Akhmad Khisni. “Legal Protection Problem of Wife and Children of Polygamy Sirri in Indonesia.” The 2nd Proceeding “Indonesia Clean of Corruption in 2020" 0, no. 0 (May 23, 2017). Accessed June 8, 2021. http://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/the2ndproceeding/article/view/1132.
Mushtaha Ahmad Al-Zarqa. Al-Istishlah Wa al-Mashalih al-Mursalah. Damaskus: Dar al-Qalam, 1988.
Mustofa, Imam. “Dampak Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi mengenai Pasal 43 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Perkawinan No 1 Tahun 1974 terhadap Hukum Keluarga di Indonesia.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 6, no. 2 (2012): 287–306. Accessed August 11, 2019. http://ejournal.iainpurwokerto.ac.id/index.php/almanahij/article/view/605.
Nurcahaya, Nurcahaya, Akbarizan Akbarizan, Muhammad Absor, and Afdhol Rinaldi. “Punishment For Polygamy Doer In The Perspective Of Islamic Law ‘Fiqh’ In Indonesia” (2017).
Nurhidayatuloh, N., F. Febrian, Achmad Romsan, Annalisa Yahanan, Martinus Sardi, and Fatimatuz Zuhro. “Forsaking Equality: Examine Indonesia’s State Responsibility on Polygamy to the Marriage Rights in Cedaw.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 18, no. 2 (May 10, 2018): 182–193.
Nurlaelawati, Euis. “Expansive Legal Interpretation and Muslim Judges’ Approach to Polygamy in Indonesia.” Hawwa 18, no. 2–3 (October 28, 2020): 295–324.
Nurmila, Nina. Women, Islam and Everyday Life: Renegotiating Polygamy in Indonesia. Women in Asia series. London ; New York: Routledge, 2009.
Purwanto, Muhammad Roy, Tamyiz Mukharrom, M. Roem Syibly, and Ahmad Nurozi. “Polygamy in Muslim Countries: A Comparative Study in Tunisia, Saudi Arabia, and Indonesia.” 435–437. Atlantis Press, 2021. Accessed June 8, 2021. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/seaafsid-18/125953607.
Putusan MK No. 46./PUU-XIII/2010, n.d.
Ramadhan al-buthy. Dhawabith Al-Mashlahah Fi al-Syari’ah al-Islamiyah. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah, 1986.
Smith, Bianca. “Stealing Women, Stealing Men: Co-Creating Cultures of Polygamy in a <em>Pesantren</Em> Community in Eastern Indonesia.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 15, no. 1 (February 19, 2014): 118–135.
Sumirat, Iin Ratna. “Perlindungan Hak Perempuan Dalam Perkembangan Hak Azasi Manusia Di Indonesia.” AL-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum, Sosial dan Keagamaan 14, no. 2 (2018): 26.
Sunaryo, Agus. “Poligami di Indonesia: Sebuah Analisa Normatif-Sosiologis.” Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender dan Anak 5, no. 1 (2010).
al-Syatibi, Abu Ishaq. Al-Muwafaqat Fi Ushul al-Fiqh. Digital Library, al-Maktabah al-Syāmilah al-Iṣdār al-Tsānī, 2005.
Yasin, Yuli. “Polygamy in Islamic Jurisprudence and the Law of Indonesia” AL-Zahra : Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2009). Accessed June 8, 2021. http://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/zahra/article/view/3474.
Yusdani. “Ijtihad Dan Nazariyyah I’tibar Al-Ma’al,” n.d. Accessed October 21, 2007. yusdani.com.
Zuhrah, Fatimah. “Problem of Polygamy in Indonesia (Analysis of Law No. 1 of 1974 and KHI).” Journal of Islam and Science 3, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 1–17.
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